Identity in MS SQL Server: Automatic Generation of Unique Value for Primary Key | Part 04 #sqlserver

👉 Identity in MS SQL Server: Automatic Generation of Unique Value for Primary Key | Part 04 #sqlserver

Identity in MS SQL Server is a property that can be assigned to a column in a table to generate unique and sequential values automatically for new rows that are inserted into the table. Identity columns are commonly used as primary keys for tables, allowing each row in the table to be uniquely identified.

When a column is designated as an identity column, the SQL Server database engine automatically assigns values to the column as new rows are inserted into the table. By default, the values generated are integers starting from 1 and incrementing by 1 for each new row added. However, you can specify different starting values and increments for identity columns as needed.

The syntax to create an identity column in MS SQL Server is as follows:

CREATE TABLE [TableName]
(
[ColumnName] INT IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY,
[OtherColumn1] [DataType],
[OtherColumn2] [DataType],
…
)

In this example, the IDENTITY(1,1) option is specified for the [ColumnName] column, indicating that it should be an identity column with a starting value of 1 and an increment of 1. The PRIMARY KEY option is also specified to designate the column as the primary key for the table.

Once an identity column has been created, you can insert new rows into the table without specifying a value for the identity column. The database engine will automatically generate a unique value for the column based on the specified starting value and increment.

It is important to note that identity columns are not guaranteed to be gap-free, as rows that are inserted but subsequently deleted can result in gaps in the identity column values. Additionally, if identity columns are used for replication or clustered indexes, care must be taken to ensure that the values generated are unique across all replicated or clustered servers.

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