C# Encapsulation VS Abstraction

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SUMMARY #csharp

Encapsulation protects data in the object.

Abstraction Simplifies object usability.
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Alright, so let’s talk about the difference between encapsulation and abstraction in C#, like how ketchup and mustard go together on a hotdog.
Encapsulation is like keeping your money in a piggy bank, where only you know the combination to open it. No one else can see how much money you have or take it without you knowing. In C# encapsulation means keeping the implementation details of a class private and only providing controlled access through methods, properties, or events. This means that other objects can use the class without having to know how it works.
For example, let’s say you have a class called “BankAccount” that has a private variable called “balance” that stores the current balance of the account. And then you have public methods called “Deposit” and “Withdraw” that let you add or subtract money from the balance. By keeping the balance private, you’re encapsulating the implementation details of the class. And other objects can use the class without having to know how it works.
Abstraction is like using a remote control to change channels on TV, where you don’t have to know how the TV works, you just press a button to watch your favorite show. In C# Abstraction means simplifying the complexity of a class by only showing the important parts. You use abstract classes or interfaces that define the essential methods, but not the implementation details.
For example, let’s say you have an abstract class called “Vehicle” that defines the essential methods like “Drive” and “Stop”. Then you have classes like “Car” and “Bike” that inherit from “Vehicle” and provide the implementation details. By using abstraction, the user can work with the object at a higher level of understanding, without needing to know about all the underlying details.
Abstraction and encapsulation both have their pros and cons, like how vanilla and chocolate ice cream are both good but different.
Encapsulation allows you to keep the implementation details hidden, so the class can change without affecting other objects that use it. It also makes the code more secure.
Abstraction allows you to reduce complexity, making it easier to understand and use the class. It also allows for flexibility, as different implementations can inherit from the same interface.
In terms of businesses and developers, both of these concepts are important for creating maintainable and scalable code, like how a hammer and nails are important for building a house. Encapsulation allows for code that is more secure, and Abstraction allows for code that is more flexible and easier to understand.
All in all, encapsulation and abstraction are like two sides of a coin, they work together to make your code more secure, flexible and easier to understand. They are like two best friends, one can’t live without the other.

Alright, so let’s take a look at some examples of abstraction and encapsulation in C#, like how a puzzle has different pieces that come together to make a picture.
First, let’s look at an example of encapsulation. Here’s some sample code for a class called “BankAccount” that has a private variable called “balance” that stores the current balance of the account and public methods called “Deposit” and “Withdraw” that let you add or subtract money from the balance:

class BankAccount
{
private decimal balance;

public void Deposit(decimal amount)
{
balance += amount;
}

public void Withdraw(decimal amount)
{
balance -= amount;
}
}

By keeping the balance private, we’re encapsulating the implementation details of the class. Other objects can use the class by calling the “Deposit” and “Withdraw” methods, but they can’t access the balance directly. It’s like keeping your bank account number private, only you have access to it.
Now, let’s look at an example of abstraction. Here’s some sample code for an abstract class called “Vehicle” that defines the essential methods like “Drive” and “Stop”, but not the implementation details:

abstract class Vehicle
{
public abstract void Drive();
public abstract void Stop();
}

class Car : Vehicle
{
public override void Drive()
{
Console.WriteLine(“The car is driving.”);
}

public override void Stop()
{
Console.WriteLine(“The car has stopped.”);
}
}

Abstraction and encapsulation both have their pros and cons, like how a cake can be decorated in different ways but it still tastes good. Encapsulation prevents programs from instantiating a parent class and not providing the exact instructions of how to implement it per device.
Hope this examples where useful please let me know if you have any questions.

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